Cyclical IPR-public Grant Engine Driving R&D Innovation in Small Research-intensive Private Enterprises

A reciprocal relationship has been documented between registering formal intellectual property rights (IPR), obtaining public grants, and undertaking publicly subsidised R&D innovation projects. Focusing on SMEs as key beneficiaries of such this paper provides an original conceptual framework to rationalise based the core criteria obtain successfully exploit both grants IPR. from several European countries display common elements conducive securing IPR status. Novel observations demonstrate engine cycling management innovation, sometimes for multiple cycles over years. This was seen varying grant sizes, technological sectors, geographical locations. The presented herein are potential interest research-intensive SMEs, bodies, professional service providers subsidies management.